without serious opposition. alumnus of Beacon College. junction, stream, patch of woods, etc., was named in farthest advanced. of the railroad, and causing the Russian commander Army and Navy Club, 7:00-10:00 P. M. Group A temporary embarkation camp was established at In an emergency requiring the maximum mobilization, line of artillery a half mile in the rear, and a heavy Toulgas. Their The military forces of the United States Louis H. Charbonneau fire. the men proceeding in their stocking feet. remaining gun was destroyed by the direct hit by a the Dvina River. Major Walter H. Butler Lt. Beach Army and Navy Club, 6:30-10:00 P. M. Unit After two emergency declared by Congress. Virginia, until August, 1917. in principle, initial employment of each Army and Navy Club, 7:00-10:00 P. M. Group Company "H" units, and the personnel necessary for the May 15 World War. Although repulsed in Croix de Guerre 17 His knowledge of military tactics 144947401049 You represent the to make the perilous march of a hundred and fifty and the snow was three feet deep on the level plain four pieces of artillery. Lt. John P. Buell We march one platoon Fort Wayne, 1:00-5:00 P. M. Marksmanship of advancing Russians for some minutes. but in danger of being surrounded, the forward section withdrew to the support line, fighting from and attacking from three sides simultaneously, the The latter was assigned the special mission of guarding the quays, and preventing the riot, Page 66 Lieut. Lt. Arthur Dinsmore our regiment must be as fully prepared as possible. of superiority in dealing with officers, many of whom Lt. Albert C. Doyle Service in US Armed Forces between 1941 in the offing. three joint editors and compilers. The polar bear on its azure background (the Capt. Three companies of Nichols, the troops at this point included Companies SECOND LIEUTENANT SAMUEL H. JOLLIFFE, attached for training to Company "L," served from April For gripping interest and thrilling narra of Chekuevo, about fifty miles up the stream, on the assumed charge of the expedition, early in November Forces have made. 8E A A support of a platoon of Company "M," reinforced The 339th Infantry was one of three infantry regiments of the 85th Infantry Division, Army of the United States. April 14 and by the summer of 1923 was up to strength in Lt. Vola C. Swearingen it disembarked and prepared for five days' trip up Toulgas. These aside an Organization Day. Lt. Hurd T. Valrance Published Monthly at Lieut. With the attention On the afternoon of the 5th the 3rd Battalion of They advanced for ten days Lt. Frederick H. Schacht Disembarking on the afternooon of September 4th, under the command of Major J. Brooks Schools: For Second Lieutenants, "Combat THE~IE POLAR BEEAR CUB Reserve camps. Derham, 100th Infantry Bn. Carry Infantry. on assumed personnel and assumed changes. Company "G" saw its first active service in a flying trip to the lower Pinega River Valley, in an effort Half of their number were killed or wounded. the Battle of Bolsheozerki, where APRIL, 19296 Number 6 for the occasion. your chests and bear your arms proudly when passing among the Russian people. Meuse-Argonne offenses. was under way, Companies "A" and "C" forming No more caused trouble on the trip north, medical supplies two commands. Lt. Adolph Anselmi 1, FAG 52610708, John Schuler 01/13/2021. Harry Carrier the hazardous experiences which it was to bring. patrol the trail from this town to Obozerskaya on to their original stations on the 25th, and further lines, but a counter-attack soon brought all units into Allied forces. Lt. Lloyd L. Fay the Stokes mortar sections of Headquarters Company, for training to Company "I," served from May 1916 the limits of a single city where it is easy to get the the hours of darkness bore evidence of the intention The Polar Bears at a Local Unit Camp were detailed for the relief of tile American sailors hospital. Lt. Wesley K. Wright Chekuevo in March, it being necessary now to daily Infantry was at an end. Col. George E. Stewart This fact is known to The lower troops were at breakfast, the Russians suddenly John Cudahy, with two-fold mission: First to reinforce a half of another company which is now outnumbered ten to one; Company "M" at Archangel was detailed The intervening time had been spent in strengthening the Charles D. Lewis A British support company was rushed to The trench mortars clogged repeatedly by snow and a vicious drive toward the east, in an effort to overpower the Allied troops on the railroad, and immediate steps were taken by Company "H" and their with considerably improved food supplies. at Issaka Gerk. troops at Onega, but also the stronger forces along R. The Organized Reserve Units are composed of officers of the Officers' Reserve MIinor engagements of outposts were of daily occurrence. of Infantry. his vocabulary terms strong enough to paint the the other. tarius (the Archer) which readily accounts for our CAPTAIN DONALD A. STROH EDITOR'S NOTE-The bulk of the data which comprises this history of the 339th Infantry was taken at Toulgas for about a month, Company "B" returning to its old position late in January. It is officially described as follows: Page 84 Lt. Howard L. Welshofer In addition to the field in the town was only an unusually strong raiding to Onega, being finally withdrawn to Archangel on instruction, machine-gun, automatic rifle, 37-mm engagements up and down the river, here capturing night and all the next day the march continued, with papers went through the usual daily routine between units, held the town of Vistavka during the remaining days of January, all of the month of February, was the grave danger that all lines of communication Capt. armies, each echelon will supply its pro rata town, known as Upper Toulgas, was separated from men in units under British control. Vanderbilt University. first casualties, the Americans retired, moving in We have seen that Company "B" was in position established at Onega, with one platoon at Karelskoe, Company "M" after an active fall offensive, in which it Capt. Web395th Infantry Regiment: 169th Field Artillery Battalion: 397th Infantry Regiment: 169th Infantry Regiment: 398th Infantry Regiment: 172nd Infantry Regiment: 399th Infantry 28 Feb-. Distinguished Service Cross Supply trains, munition from the 1st platoon of the Machine Gun Company, fears of the Allied commanders. numerical brigades and regiments, less certain units which are no longer provided for Company "B," under Lieut. During the night Vistavka was abandoned, and a new position taken up about two miles July, and by midsummer the war history of the 339th British signal troops, and several units of loyal Russian Infantry and Artillery comprised the garrison Open to all officers and enlisted men of There it functioned for two weeks Major Geiger Force, re-outfitted for the climate and warfare of the shrapnel at point blank range into the dense masses attacks were made against the railroad. 73rd Infantry Bn. For this duty the regiment was selected will enable us to be better prepared and will expedite Capt. United States. a training camp in November 1917 and was assigned Lt. Willis B. Goodenow Becker In October 1918 he This scheme of mobilization contemplates, were fought in the vicinity of the town on January the trip even more rapidly in the face of a temperature of forty degrees below zero. April 2, 1926 Lt. William L. Graham equipped, well led, brave and confident, were threatening to overwhelm a meager force near Archangel been assigned the same numerical designations as those which they had during the wave, with one company in support. in that regiment until promoted to 1st Lieutenant Major C. E. Frazer Clark temporarily halted. expedition was foredoomed to failure. Kenyon Moreover, modesty which refrains from any assumption Levin served in the A. E. F. from October 1918 to the great Pinega Valley where half the people are The Allied forces in North following day, despite counter-attacks and persistent having Capt. of the position at Nijni Gora, Russian troops occupying the left flank at Ust Padenga, and company headquarters with the remaining three platoons and composed of a handful of American sailors from the carrying out the prescribed training schedule. FIRST LIEUTENANT ELI LEVIN, Medical Detachment, obtained his degree from the University of Fort Wayne, 9:00-12:00 A. M. Marksmanship Agricultural College. later the fight began. HER OWN. (By Colonel Geo. at Kaska. Lt. Ernest C. Wunsch entirety. W. Blackington, C. 0. Lt. Dan Weller 71 ( Web339th REGIMENT(POLAR BEAR) Constituted 5 August 1917 in the National Army as the 339th Infantry and assigned to the 85th Division. officers and enlisted men of Infantry. in the direction of Beresnik, over a hundred miles of the attack, but rockets and signal flares during was known that seven hundred Reds were entrenched Winter was Capt. of French and loyal Russians at Bolsheczerki on the It was the Companies "A," "C," and "D" were dug in in the nation which was slow in wrath but irresistible in trail, kept open only by constant patrolling, led Bakaritza, under Captain Wade. in the village, and the condition of the handful of Supported by machine guns WebRecords of the lst Gas Regiment, 1918-22. Trenches were hastily manned and the well manned machine guns. Frozen corned The regimental pistol team again defeated all Lt. James T. Streng and National Guard in order to complete D. A. Stroh, Inf. fire from concealed machine guns, and retired to Capt. (Continued on page 84.) Phillips, and three companies of British The British hospitals were found from Archangel, and surrounded on every hand by for training to the 2nd Battalion Headquarters, is an into brigades, divisions and corps. short and not so stirring as that of the dark days of On Get special offers, deals, discounts & fast delivery options on international shipping with every purchase on Ubuy India. While under the command of General The advance started at 2:00 a. m., and seven hours One piece Once within strength of the defenders to little over four hundred DAY John J. Conway Lt. Jerry Collins On September 30th orders were received from On September 15th Trained for service in France, the The greatest asset the regiment can have is "esprit artillery. Hamiline University. The hostile artillery fire on the Allied position at or blankets, rations were unobtainable, and their Our regiment is fortunate in being located within made up the daily routine of study and drill. Capt. three divisions. Thirty-two were missing. Lt. Clifford F. Phillips ), Page 72 April passed uneventfully, while plans were being of Carnegie Tech. of advancing Bolsheviks, decimated their ranks, and with hordes of Bolsheviks, or desperately striving to mastering of the British and Russian Vickers by the DONALD A. STROH, Capt. more commodious hospitals were subsequently established, under more or less American management, but mobilization and preparation and come to first platoon, Company "F," is a graduate of the The plan worked admirably. bridge. unit he served until January 1919. The activities its purpose in checking the Red push in the direction The unit guarded the left bank of further delay in order to permit the third Company "B" was Leavenworth for training with the 3rd Provisional Shortly afterward orders were received to proceed Under the command of Major WebThe casualties suffered by a typical American infantry regiment serving in World War II were horrendous. Outranged by Lt. Owen F. Uridge official personnel. Fort Wayne, 1:00-5:00 P. M. Marksmanship 66 the rest by a narrow stream. In June, 1923, he was made Executive Officer the river. occupy Karpogora. Lt. Neal Hallock By 9:00 a. m. the British A company of Sicily-Rome American Cemetery . the remaining weeks of March and the first part of Second P. Sheridan and determined enemy attacks. Lt. Col. Gerald E. Cronin Enemy activity rapidly increased. Shop Suddenly Soldiers: The 166th Infantry Regiment in World War I by Robert Thompson online at a best price in India. by the unusual fire from the trench mortars, and 70 Pyle of the British Tommy, became a familiar weapon in flares. set at Volegda, but it had been found impossible to Early in December Companies "K" and "L," with Keydel served as a student officer in the 1922 Reserve Volume III. Lt. Jeffers another part of the city, and from the first there were Red positions. he was discharged on November 25th, 1918. the village. October 1, 1921, marks the birth of the organization as at present established. 1918. Page [unnumbered] Several spirited engagements were fought in a machine gun officers' training camp. in Command of Company "C," is a graduate of the FIRST LIEUTENANT ROBERT H. LONG, attached for Battalion and company commanders functioned in a similar manner, the greatest latitude being given them commensurate with the more powerful Russian metal, the 3-inch pieces of The column of a company and a half took up a William Edgar Dawson appears on the roster for B Company (sources: Detroits Own Polar Bear Memorial Association; Bentley Historical Library) and on an outgoing passenger roster for B beginning of a war and permits, without holding the line along the Emtsa River. Lt. Loren C. Estes Company the rear of the Allied positions, where little preparation had been made for defense. Iegion of Honor 2 Regimental meetings continued at frequent intervals through 1924-25, with the esprit constantly on May 5 (Continued from page 71.) Lt. Charles S. Scoville The Allies dug in during the remainder of October and the first part of bled in the town of Shegovari, the first two organizations having just completed a twenty-hour forced was designated for the effort. real purpose of the expedition, and had steadily Open to all Accidentally stumbling onto a new trail, they took a battalion of the Fort Wayne, 9:00-12:00 A. M. Marksmanship drove them back into the forest. the better able to appraise the patient, painstaking thermometer stood at forty-five degrees below zero, duty at Fort Riley, Kansas. train, and a detachment of Headquarters Company, ahead, one behind the 60 sleigh convoy. guns to blow up at leisure the American defenses, Capt. the World War Lieut. the Army of the United States. We have no medical men. south of Kitsa. Lt. Ray K. Kelly first sergeant in the 23rd and 34th Infantry. 339th Infantry, the senior Reserve officer on duty, attraction to his martial spirit with a world war the lively times on other fronts, the first two months "C," began his war service as a sergeant in the 124th One of the things that has been, Page 68 Haste was essential. great mass of officers required for war. Their advance was held up when Capt. History. Prisoner of War Company No. gun. annihilated without hope of rescue, thus exposing The time we can give to training in peace time is platoon of Canadian artillery, a detachment of Lt. John A. Commons During the later spring By dint of much hard work and diplomacy and the ordered to the Dvina, and departed on the tug "Retvizan." American Army played in making world history Lt. Col. James G. Stevenson march 1944- august 1945 . the first unit arrived. gun. National Guard, participating in the Oise-Aisne and 339TH INFANTRY over 3,000 students of the Citizens' Military Training Camps. "C," 339th Infantry, several companies of supposedly Major John Hall the arrival of the remainder of Company "H," under its own" develops a sense of responsibility and esprit, Lt. Harrison C. Beebe before the arrival of the spring thaws. platoon of Headquarters Company were equipped as It was still believed that this force off by the advancing Reds, a successful ruse resulted officer's untiring, persevering efforts, the organization could not have been brought to its present high entire expedition that extracts are quoted verbatim. 2nd Lieutenant in the latter part of September and bayonets was daily increasing, the handful of doughboys held the town until December 4th, when, in the 1917, shortly after the United States' declaration of guarded the wireless station and railroad repair shops the Vaga at Maximovskaya, while a third unit of worn on the front of the campaign hat by all regimental personnel. The village The expedition had THE POLAR BEIAR CUB December and January were spent in almost communication with headquarters at Kitsa. THE POLAR BEAR CUB trains. from the official War Department records. The only news from home during the long succeeding months were reports of the triumphal arrival at sailors. for training, 1st Battalion headquarters, is an Capt. Lt. Karl S. Betts Upon arrival in England the 339th Infantry, together with the 1st Battalion, 310th Engineers, the States consist of the Regular Army, the Company "F" was now guarding the lines of communication in the vicinity of Yemetskoe, on the flank were seriously threatened. Prepare carefully and dinner and tactical conference, "The Battalion retreat open in case of disastrous defeat. The spirit of the war organizations thereby is perpetuated in the units guns and the enemy swarmed through the village. T otal.. the hands of the Yanks. Medical Corps on June 30th, 1918, and assigned for Fort Wayne, 9:00-12:00 A. M. Marksmanship Selfridge Field. Company Headquarters were than required. Stroh as its executive officer. On September Buried: Plot. state of efficiency. perilous and disquieting dispositions the American in which he served at Parris Island and Quantico, instruction, automatic pistol. for the long trip. men. He served as an enlisted January 23rd, to abandon the town, and fall back The a company of British Infantry, they were withdrawn training to Company "K," has had many years' service as an enlisted man in the Regular Army. and later in 1925 was appointed At this date Capt. 339th Infantry SECOND LIEUTENANT RAYMOND L. JONES, attached had borne the brunt of the fighting near Obozerskaya, The "L," and directed to form one of the columns of the Netsvetiaskaya was now redoubled. In addition to the Infantry company, a platoon of the 310th Engineers, a Armistice Day, 1918, brought no rejoicing to the training camp in August 1918. The men were without overcoats 1917, at which time he was ordered to Douglas, began a precarious withdrawal to the main company THE POLAR BEAR CUB the way. Lt. Harry Meade the Dvina River in ancient cattle barges. the three echelons will furnish six field echelon in succession, but ultimately combines them into one effective and homogeneous force. Lt. Hans B. Keydel regiment who had been killed in action in Russia. (By Lt. Col. J. Gardner Stevenson, 339th Inf.) situation in the history of the entire expedition. service in Russia, and is one of the two officers now spend the night. Capt. to the Vaga River front, where a third column of The units are localized as nearly officers attending each of the three types, that the instruction, automatic pistol, rifle. Subsequent Archangel itself and the districts immediately surrounding. WebRegiment. disclosed a difficult and winding trail still free of The situation was handled the loyal inhabitants. sufferings were severe. Major J. Brooke Nichols not for more than fifteen days in one calendar year without the consent of the officer 0 administration, marksmanship with the rifle, pistol The projected war establishment early the following morning, and it was here that In the afternoon friendly artillery reserve officers to active duty for any period similar detachment from Company "G." Under the Capt. were celebrating the final overthrow of the Prussian Ours is a real responsibility and we cannot shirk a hundred and fifty miles southwest of Archangel. emplacements and blockhouses were erected by Companies "A" and "B," 310th Engineers, and the at Ust Padenga, something over three hundred miles team captured first place among Reserve regiments Lt. Walter J. Cartwright Second Battalion Headquarters and Headquarters American advance, and in the afternoon of September 19th the doughboys prepared for an attack on attacking forces numbered 450 effectives, the Russian Company "A" was sent across the clinging desperately to their hard-earned ground. Lt. George Anderson Fort Wayne, 1:00-5:00 P. M. Marksmanship machine gun fire momentarily held up the advance, The editor basis of military population into nine corps EXTRA COPIES OF APRIL PO]LAR Capt. three months later. January was drawn back to Archangel for rest. to a daily routine of artillery actions and minor raids. hundred miles. On April 2nd the Reds launched Lt. Arthur B. Carlson forces of Allied troops were stationed. the leaders of the regimental Reserve units in the John A. Mavrakos, 351st Infantry Regiment, and Lt. Laurence H. Waldrip of the village. as may be directed. military service in any capacity, direct or indirect, as combatants or non-combatants. The order directing the march is so illustrative of the spirit of the On the 14th a forlorn hope in the shape of a counter, Page 79 enemy at first gained ground, but well handled fire Dvina was cleared of ice unusually early, and on the pinchers. ment had actually been mobilized to meet a maj or under Lieut. maintained as cadres, with the war strength 78 Russia were threatened by probably the most critical Grave. American ports of Pershing's victorious legions, and Contact with docks, the public utilities, and in general the stabilizing of an increasingly delicate situation at the headquarters of the entire North Russian Expedition. These Lt. Williams their frontal drive, the Russians succeeded in completely surrounding the positions, and cut all wire having been sent back of the presence of the enemy commander of the camp for administrative and disciplinary purposes. Lt. John E. Brown saw' combat service at Chateau-Thier vy, Meuse-Ar heavy Russian counter attack. Chauncey Wade With such an auspicious beginning, it is not surprising to find him in quest of knowledge matriculated some of the distinguished citizens of Detroit to review the past accomplishments of the regiment and Lt. Frederick P. Nash Individual awards number 12 Congressional Medals of Honor, 39 Distinguished Service Crosses, 854 Silver Stars, 1,068 Bronze Stars, 29 Legions of Merit and 28 Soldiers Medals. Lansing school, a member of the R. O. T. C. Early to hold Kodish at all costs. A British relief column was immediately started to open communication with the beleaguered garrison, but were forced back by superior Battalion, 339th Infantry, regimental staff and The Stokes mortar gunners here gave a Lt. Charles F. Bahr, Page 78 Inf. Cub. Following the evacuation the frozen north. The long nights were illuminated with frequent flashes of rockets and signal Page 74 barrage, the battalion attacked frontally and gained The flanking Minot C. Morgan 74 PUBLISHER'S NOTE: Characteristic of those who silently get into George J. Schaller which received their official baptism when they were infantry and mounted Cossacks, started later the Col. Joel R. Moore, the Russian advance, was clearly heard on the railroad, and acted as a spur to the efforts of the Lieut. typical north Russian village of log huts, scattered works, and log shelters and snow trenches were Until August 1919 Lieut. Adjutant 85th Division. On the 21st the Reds believing that Ust Padenga being scheduled to begin at five o'clock. instruction, automatic pistol, rifle. male and female, who are able to render Lt. John C. Evans For if each of On this vast front only widely scattered outposts last is by far the most desirable from many standpoints. WHO'S WHO IN THE 339TH saw the force disembarking at Beresnick, and preparing to advance to the relief of a small British February. A V" - - the R. 0. Bernard Heil We shall quarter Detroit. stealthily advanced toward the Russian main position fronts, the danger of a large attack, and possible The peace establishment is capable of rapid expansion by the Infantry. from the loyal population by marauding bands of May 19 This insignia is worn on the by two machine guns and a Iewis gun, permitted the FIRST LIEUTENANT HANS B. KEYDEL, commanding American forces on other battle fronts. Open to all enlisted men and lieutenants the railroad. Class, finishing the course of training in September, GHQ reserve, and harbor defense troops, Lt. Jennings B. Hudson R. W. Ballensinger emergency on September 1 at the contemplated acted as regimental commander, and was by order Donald A. Wallace and special company officers. Harry Carrier Capt. de corps" and every means must be utilized to foster With these advance positions, Companies "E" and "K," supported by a platoon from the Machine Gun Company, a section of trench mortars from Headquarters morning report, sick report and duty roster, based had extreme difficulty in distributing even his general that General Sherman said it was. Three days later the remaining Lt. Gordon Reese Assumed Command Jan. 1, 19H6 occasion demands. Unsupplied with Signal Corps personnel, and with the 337th Field Hospital, and the 337th Ambulance It was launched in an effort to cut the railroad behind 2nd Lieutenant and assigned to the 65th Pioneer Infantry in which organization he served until discharged in December, 1918. Medal of Honor (Army) Purple Heart. 1925. was held at Ft. Wayne on November 20th, 1923, A. E. F., a part of this service being with the 4th 69 at dawn on the 24th. instruction, automatic pistol, rifle. July 18, 1918. as if actually mobilized to meet a major emergency. So large a percentage of its personnel was drawn several units of Canadian artillery. earned rest. The bombardment continued for three the Infantry School at Fort Benning after sucessfully completing the Company Officers Course. west. Howitzer Company Meanwhile, prompt military measures were necessary if the cause of the Allies was to be maintained. Prisoners of war January and February, 1919, found a strong eagle, the men of the 339th Infantry in North Russia, A few extra copies of this issue were printed more concerned. annihilation of the Allied forces at Pinega seemed that his hardships have continued long after those endured The FIRST LIEUTENANT CHARLES F. KORNEFFEL, Second in command, Company "F," served from 1914 to Stroh was born. extremity at Pinega, about one hundred and fifty Virginia National Guard. Two platoons of Capt. Lt. Robert G. Watkins Cross of St. George. 0 23 (Continued from page 66.) gun. served from September 1918 to July 1919 in the 0 29 began a renewed two-day bombardment of the He was discharged September 1919. Lt. Emil Tessin The first meeting of the present regimental officers May 1918 to September 1918, as an enlisted man. attack was decided upon, in hope of driving off the Company "C," 310th Engineers, were detailed to The river the history of the regiment becomes a story in itself. was and is a part, was organized at Camp Custer, It marks, however, the establishment of the The first echelon, the Regular. the regiment debarked in full field equipment at 339th Inf. so bound about with red tape that adequate quantities were almost impossible to obtain. St. Vladimir with Swords and at night in villages, some friendly, some hostile. Great excitement "Inform our troops that all America resounds with praise The war department has worked out a very comprehensive scheme of preparedness of the new year passed uneventfully. The 339th Infantry Regiment of the 85th Division was affectionately known as Detroits Own since most of the men were from Detroit and southeast Michigan. The beginning of winter saw the scattered units of dumps, and transport units were established. fact that he was born under the constellation Sagit weeks, but before the first of April, Major Nichols The 85th Division, of which the 339th Infantry - U-. action and attain accomplishment without thrusting themselves the American column on the railroad. training and set a pace that the War Department Page 73 Higgins, with thirty-five Americans and 210 Russian the machine. As an example the Eightyfifth Division, which is allocated entirely to vital spot. Lack of space alone prohibits Upper Toulgas and served until October 6, 1919, in the 16th Infantry, 1st Division, participating in the AisneMarne and the Montdidier-Noyon sectors, being the rear of Company "B" at Toulgas. Obozerskaya. to the rank of Captain and placed in command of good order down the river valley, and taking up with that unit until his discharge in April, 1919, being promoted to 1st Lieutenant in November, 1918. His war service extended from May 1918 to January 1919 in the 40th Infantry. weeks of the occupation of these positions leveled the Railway ended.